metals

CHHATTISGARH Nmdc produced 1.57 mt of iron ore from c’garh mines   NMDC Ltd produced 1.57 million tonnes (MT) of iron ore from its Chhattisgarh-based mines as on April 30, 2018, the company informed in a regulatory filing.   The company is targetting to achieve 10 million tonnes of iron ore production per annum from each of its mines in Chhattisgarh by 2024-25, official sources informed.   It has also sought 7.116 hectares forest land diversion for its iron ore concentrate pipeline in Dantewada district of Bastar, they informed.   Notably, NMDC will also be seeking Right of Use (ROU) ... Read more

CHHATTISGARH Mahanadi Dispute: Centre hands over ToR to tribunal chairman   The Centre shared the terms of reference (ToR) of the Mahanadi Water Dispute Tribunal (MWDT) with its chairman and Supreme Court judge Justice A M Khanwilkar.   Union water resources secretary UP Singh handed over the ToR to the tribunal chairman in New Delhi.   According to an official statement, the tribunal chairperson was briefed by the Union secretary about the profile of Mahanadi, development of water resource projects by various states and dispute in sharing of its waters.   The Union secretary also informed that the Central government is taking all ... Read more

Solid Waste Management; Types of Solid waste Management; Factors affecting Solid Waste Generation Solid Waste Management Solid waste management is basic public services which every citizen should have access to, both for health and hygiene, and for ensuring a good quality of living. Sanitation here refers to toilet facilities, whereas solid waste management refers to the management collection and disposal of solid waste (as opposed to liquid waste). The image of a city as being clean and free of waste, impacts its desirability for doing business by entrepreneurs and for future residents to live. Municipalities in India are responsible for ... Read more

CHHATTISGARH Govt gears up for aggressive bharatnet phase-ii implementation   The Chhattisgarh Government is gearing up for aggressive implementation of the second phase of BharatNet project in the State, officials informed.   It will soon hire a Project Support Consultant for implementation of the BharatNet Phase-II project , they informed.   Notably, the Chhattisgarh Infotech Promotion Society (CHiPS), the nodal agency of Department of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of Chhattisgarh is getting a route survey and Right of Way (RoW) clearance done for Bharat Net Phase-II project in the State, officials informed.   Notably, Bharat Net is a project ... Read more

CHHATTISGARH Raman invites herbal majors to set up mfg units in c’garh   Chief Minister Raman Singh on Saturday invited reputed herbal products manufacturers of the country to set up units for production of herbal medicines in Chhattisgarh.   He was addressing the inaugural programme of two-day national symposium on ‘Vanoshadhi Chhattisgarh 2018″ based on herbal medicines here.   On the occasion, Singh released souvenir published by Chhattisgarh State Medicinal Plant Board.   The Chief Minister informed the herbal medicine manufacturing companies attending the symposium about the scope of farming, production and market for herbal medicines in Chhattisgarh.   He ... Read more

CHHATTISGARH C’garh fast emerging as india’s logistic hub: cm Chief Minister  Raman Singh on Monday said that Chhattisgarh is fast becoming logistic supply chain hub of India.   He was addressing ‘Investors Conference’ in Sydney, capital of New South Wales State in Australia.   The State is strategically located in the central part of India and the boundaries touch seven States. The neighbouring States can easily transport the finished products at their own convenience and cheaper rates   Chhattisgarh has the potential to become a ‘Logistics Hub’ for Central India with exports to Asian markets with Singapore, China, Korea and ... Read more

Properties of soaps and detergents Soap – Characteristics And Uses Soaps are excellent cleansing agents and have good biodegradability. A serious drawback which reduces their general use, is the tendency for the carboxylate ion to react with Ca+ and Mg+ ions in hard water. The result is a water insoluble salt which can be deposited on clothes and other surfaces. These hard water plaques whiten fabric colors and also create rings found in sinks and bath tubs. Another problem with using soaps is their ineffectiveness under acidic conditions. In these cases, soap salts do not dissociate into their component ions, and ... Read more

Preparation of Oxygen Oxygen is prepared in lab generally in two ways either by the application of heat or no application of heat. Using heat: Oxygen in lab is prepared by heating the mixture of powdered potassium chlorate and manganese dioxide in the ratio 4:1 in a hard glass test tube. The oxygen gas is observed in a gas jar through the downward displacement of water. The reaction involved is given below: 2KClO3−→−−−−−MnO2200−300∘C2KCl+3O2↑ Without heat:  The dry sodium peroxide is taken in a conical flask and the apparatus is fitted as shown in figure. The two necks of woulfe’s bottle ... Read more

  Preparation of nitrogen Nitrogen is found in both free and combined states. It occupies 78.07% by volume. Nitrogen can be prepared: By heating copper in air: Firstly, air is passed through lime water and then concentrated sulphuric acid to make the air free from carbon dioxide and moistures respectively. The air contains only nitrogen and oxygen which are passed over the heated copper wire as shown in the figure. Here copper combines with oxygen to make copper oxide and nitrogen gas passes over. This nitrogen can be collected by downward displacement of water. By burning phosphorous in air: Nitrogen ... Read more

Preparation of hydrogen Hydrogen Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe. The sun and other stars are composed largely of hydrogen. Astronomers estimate that 90% of the atoms in the universe are hydrogen atoms. Hydrogen is a component of more compounds than any other element. Water is the most abundant compound of hydrogen found on earth. Hydrogen is an important part of petroleum, many minerals, cellulose and starch, sugar, fats, oils, alcohols, acids, and thousands of other substances. At ordinary temperatures, hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, and nonpoisonous gas consisting of the diatomic molecule H2. Hydrogen is ... Read more