Muslims

Secularism India is a multi religious and multi cultural country from its known history.Greatness of our nation is highlighted by the unity in diversity maintained by various sections of Indian society. Secularism in the multi-cultural, multi-lingual and plural society of India a significant role to play in reducing religious conflicts and persecution, upholding human rights and on the whole building a „strong‟ and „unified‟ nation. Secularism has its origin in western countries and it is related to the separation of the church from the state, which gives the state a position of neutrality between different religions, while at the same ... Read more

Mountbatten plan The British government sent a Cabinet Mission to India in March 1946 to negotiate with Indian leaders and agree to the terms of the transfer of power. After difficult negotiations a federal solution was proposed. Despite initial agreement, both sides eventually rejected the plan. An interim government with representatives of all the Indian parties was proposed and implemented. However, it soon collapsed through lack of agreement. While the Muslim League consented to join the interim government the Indian National Congress refused. By the end of 1946 communal violence was escalating and the British began to fear that India ... Read more

Quit India Movement which took place in the month of August has been one of the most popular mass movements during the freedom struggle of India. With the failure of Cripps Mission the political situation had worsened leaving every individual with full of frustration and disgust. People in total frustration eagerly waited for one such popular movement which could bring a complete end to Imperialism in India. It was at this moment when Congress under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi called for Quit India Movement which turned out to be the most popular mass movement engulfing every section of the ... Read more

The role of Mahatma Gandhi in Indian Freedom Struggle is considered the most significant as he single-handedly spearheaded the movement for Indian independence. The peaceful and non-violent techniques of Mahatma Gandhi formed the basis of freedom struggle against the British yoke. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on 2nd October 1869. After he came back to India from South Africa, where he worked as a barrister, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, who led the Congress party, introduced Mahatma Gandhi to the concerns in India and the struggle of the people. The Indian independence movement came to a head between the years 1918 and ... Read more

Integration of Princely States Under the plan of 3 June, more than 562 princely states were given the option of joining either India or Pakistan, or choosing independence. Indian nationalists and large segments of the public feared that if these states did not accede, most of the people and territory would be fragmented. The Congress as well as senior British officials considered Patel the best man for the task of achieving unification of the princely states with the Indian dominion. Patel asked v.p.menon a senior civil servant with whom he had worked over the partition of India to become his ... Read more

Development of Railway, Industralization and constitutional development during British period   Railway The British created the Indian Railways. They envisioned it, planned it, engineered it and instructed poor Indian laborers how to build it. There is a common misconception that the British “gifted” India the Railways. Nothing could be more wrong. The British did not build the Railways out of love for India or seeing the need to “prosperify” vast masses of poor Indians. They couldn’t have cared less. In order to govern this huge, disconnected and diverse country efficiently, they needed stuff to be moved around the country quickly, ... Read more

CHHATTISGARH Seeking australia’s co-operation to develop chhattisgarh: CM   Chhattisgarh and Australia are both mineral-rich states and we can learn a lot from each other in the field of mining technology, research and quality upgradation of minerals, Chhattisgarh Chief Minister Raman Singh said.   He was addressing the ‘Chhattisgarh Investor Summit’ in Melbourne in Australia.   We (Chhattisgarh Government) can share our research and technology with Australia, he said.   The entire world is today viewing Asia and Ocenia as a centre of development and prosperity, Singh said.   We are expecting Australia’s co-operation in development of Chhattisagrh, he said. ... Read more

CHHATTISGARH CM launches ‘prerna’ notebook for students of ashram schools   The notebook is published by the Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Castes Development Department for the students of Ashram schools and hostels. The life and times of Veerangana Rani Durgawati, revolutionary Birsa Munda, Amar Shaheed Gendh Singh, great social reformer Guru Baba Ghasidas, Amar Shaheed Veernarayan Singh, revolutionary Gundadhoor have been included in the booklet. Various developmental activities of the State Government have also been incorporated in the notebook. Assembly Speaker  Gaurishankar Agrawal and several State Cabinet Ministers were also present on the occasion.     INTERNATIONAL   India to set ... Read more

Fairs and festivals of Chhattisgarh 2   Pola Festival Pola is a bull-worshipping festival celebrated by farmers mainly in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra. On the day of Pola, the farmers decorate and worship their bulls. Pola falls on the day of the Pithori Amavasya (the new moon day) in the month of Shravana (usually in August). On the day of Pola, the bulls are first given a bath, and then decorated with ornaments and shawls. Their horns are painted, and their necks are adorned with garlands of flowers. Then, they are worshipped by their owners. The work ... Read more

Kingdom of Vijaynagar The kingdom of Vijaynagar founded by two brothers, Harihar and Bukka, on the south bank of the River Tungabhadra in 1336 AD. According to the legends, they had been the feudatories of the Kakatiyas of Warangal. Later they became ministers in the kingdom of Kampili. After the destruction of Kampili kingdom by Bin Tuglaq they were imprisoned and converted to Islam. Harihar and Bukkaforshook their new master and their new faith and they were readmitted to Hinduism by their guru, Vidyaranya. They established their capital at Vijaynagar. After death of Hoysala ruler VeeraBallala III,  Harihar and Bukka ... Read more