the Constitution

CHHATTISGARH   Appointment of 11 parliamentary secretaries: Supreme Court notice to Chhattisgarh govt   The Supreme Court  declined to grant any interim relief on an appeal against a high court order dismissing pleas challenging the appointment of 11 parliamentary secretaries by the Raman Singh-led BJP government in Chhattisgarh.   The Chhattisgarh government had appointed 11 MLAs as parliamentary secretaries and granted them a status equivalent to state ministers.   SCsaid, the high court had failed to assess how the appointments were made when neither any provision of the Constitution, nor any statutory enactment allowed such appointments beyond a particular limit.   There was ... Read more

Concept of State and Sovereignty The State is a social contract, a guarantee of social order in exchange for which the citizens agree to reduce their freedom.According to Carré de Malberg, one of France’s leading constitutional scholars, « the state is a community of men attached to a territory with an organization, from which results for the group engaged in relations with its members a supreme power of action and coercion.” More clearly, the state is the result of a population, a territory and a sovereignty. Population  First, the population consists of all the persons living in the territory of ... Read more

Pattern of Revenue Expenditure In India, government expenditure – as per the provision in the Constitution – is divided into revenue expenditure and capital expenditure. However, the adoption of economic planning shifted emphasize on the division of expenditure into Plan and Non-Plan. The share of Non-Plan expenditure has remained close to 70% and that of Plan at 30% all these years. The Planning Commission, in the 11th Plan (2007-12) document prepared in 2007, had proposed abolition of this “illogical and dysfunctional” distinction citing several issues (mentioned later in the article). A high-level committee on Efficient Management of Public Expenditure, was ... Read more

Tribal welfare administration, Tribal sub plan and Single line administration in Chhattisgarh The tribal areas of Chhattisgarh though sparsely populated continue to receive special attention of the State Government primarily on account of their strategic location and comparative backwardness. The Tribal Sub Plan was started in 1974-75 in the State and entire tribal population was brought under the ambit of the Tribal Sub Plan by 1987-88. The strategy of Tribe sub-plan envisages channelizing an adequate flow of funds are benefits to ST’s from all sectors of development through the Annual Plans of States / UT and the Central Ministries atleast ... Read more

The doctrine of the separation of powers finds its roots in the ancient world, where the concepts of governmental functions, and the theories of mixed and balanced government, were evolved. These were essential elements in the development of the doctrine of the separation of powers. Their transmission through medieval writings, to provide the basis of the ideas of constitutionalism In England, enabled the doctrine of the separation of powers to emerge as an alternative, but closely related, formulation of the proper articulation of the parts of government. The power to govern should be distributed between the Parliament, the Executive and ... Read more

The Chhattisgarh Public Service Commission was Constituted under the provisions of the Article 315 of the Constitution of India by the Governor of Chhattisgarh vide Notification . Chhattisgarh Public Service Commission (CGPSC ) was established with the aim of making a commission fully responsible for making the recruitment for the government posts in the state. The main objective of the Chhattisgarh Public Service Commission (CGPSC ) is to conduct written competitive examination and also the interviews for the selections of the candidates for any government posts in the state Consequent on the reorganization of States on 1st November 1956, eight ... Read more

Note: READ is our New Initiative to cover two Topics (Weekly) of Current Importance in Detail with Specific focus on Prelims and Mains Exam   The issue of Schedule caste / Scheduled Tribe act In March 2018, the Supreme Court observed that the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act of 1989 has become an instrument to “blackmail” innocent citizens and public servants.   The Supreme Court’s decision to issue guidelines to check the abuse of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, has raised many eyebrows with several political parties and Dalit activists demanding its review. The ... Read more

Note: READ id our New Initiative to cover two Topics (Weekly) of Current Importance in Detail with Specific focus on Prelims and Mains Exam After Cauvery: A look at other inter-state water tussles   The Supreme Court on February 16 delivered its verdict on Cauvery river water sharing between Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala, and Puducherry, bringing an end to a decade-old case. However, the dispute can be considered settled only when the Cauvery Management Board comes into effect and the three States and the Union Territory amicably share the water among themselves even during stressful times such as a drought.   The ... Read more

Information sharing and transparency in government and Right to information act 2005 Transparency and accountability in administration as the sine qua non of participatory democracy, gained recognition as the new commitments of the state towards its citizens. It is considered imperative to enlist the support and participation of citizens in management of public services. Traditionally, participation in political and economic processes and the ability to make informed choices has been restricted to a small elite in India. Consultation on important policy matters, even when they directly concern the people was rarely the practice. Information-sharing being limited, the consultative process was ... Read more

Lokpal and Redressel of Citizens grievances:- Introduction: The central theme of democracy is that the ruler is accountable to the rules of all sorts of activities and policies. This has arisen due to the fact that the modern states are populous. Because of this and other reasons the direct democracy of ancient Greek city-states or of the Rousseauist model is out of question. Direct democracy may be inapplicable. But people’s grievances against the ruler cannot be ignored.   This view has come from the basic idea that the ruler or authority must explain to the people for any failure or ... Read more