Unemployment

. Cities are a technology for poverty reduction; New York City’s GDP equals that of Russia with 6% of the people and 0.00005% of the land. Covid-19 has catalysed a naive or hypocritical romanticism of villages that believes cities are undesirable technology because of their hostility to migrants, infection hotspot tendency, and diminished centrality to the future of work due to digitisation. However, Covid-19 can be seen as an opportunity to catalyse good urbanisation by empowering our cities with more power and funds. Urbanization : Opportunities and Challenges Urbanization yields several positive effects if it happens within the appropriate limits. ... Read more

Tribal welfare administration, Tribal sub plan and Single line administration in Chhattisgarh The tribal areas of Chhattisgarh though sparsely populated continue to receive special attention of the State Government primarily on account of their strategic location and comparative backwardness. The Tribal Sub Plan was started in 1974-75 in the State and entire tribal population was brought under the ambit of the Tribal Sub Plan by 1987-88. The strategy of Tribe sub-plan envisages channelizing an adequate flow of funds are benefits to ST’s from all sectors of development through the Annual Plans of States / UT and the Central Ministries atleast ... Read more

Eradication of Social and religious wrongs Social and Religious Issues Social issues (also social problem, social evil, and social conflict) refers to any undesirable condition that is opposed either by the whole society or by a section of the society. It is an unwanted social condition, often objectionable, the continuance of which is harmful for the society. India is facing a large number of social issues such as caste system, child labour, illiteracy, gender inequality, superstitions, religious conflicts, and many more. It is high time that the society gets relief from these undesirable social evils. Major Social Issues: Caste system ... Read more

Social disorganization-Anomie and Alienation The social disorganization theory is one of the most important theories developed by the Chicago School, related to ecological theories. The theory directly links crime rates to neighborhood ecological characteristics; a core principle of social disorganization theory is that place matters. In other words, a person’s residential location is a substantial factor shaping the likelihood that that person will become involved in illegal activities. The theory suggests that, among determinants of a person’s later illegal activity, residential location is as significant as or more significant than the person’s individual characteristics (e.g., age, gender, or race). For ... Read more

CHHATTISGARH C’garh second highest after kerala in male-female sex ratio   A NITI Aayog report issued recently has pointed out that Chhattisgarh holds second rank after Kerala in terms of male-female sex-ratio (at the time of birth), Health Department officials informed on Monday. As per the report of NITI aayog, male to female sex-ratio (at the time of birth) in Chhattisgarh state was found to be 1000 to 972 in year 2005-06 in National Family Health Survey-3, which increased to 1000 boys to 977 girls in National Family Health Survey-4 of year 2015-16.   Health Department Officials informed that according ... Read more

Planning in India First Plan (1951 – 56) Target Growth : 2.1 % Actual Growth 3.6 % It was based on Harrod-Domar Model. Influx of refugees, severe food shortage & mounting inflation confronted the country at the onset of the first five year Plan. The Plan Focussed on agriculture, price stability, power and transport It was a successful plan primarily because of good harvests in the last two years of the plan. Second Plan (1956 – 61) Target Growth: 4.5% Actual Growth: 4.3% Simple aggregative Harrod Domar Growth Model was again used for overall projections and the strategy of resource ... Read more

Assessment of the growth experience: Poverty and Unemployment Poverty and unemployment are closely related High poverty has a multiplier effect on quality of life, deprivation, malnutrition, illiteracy and low human resource development. Poverty Poverty lines Normative nutritional requirement per person per day at some base point. This is debated 2400 cal (rural), 2100 cal (urban) Nutrient requirement then needs to be translated to monetary terms. Poverty has declined as per NSSO estimates. However, recent committees like the Tendulkar committee have reviewed the methodology of measuring poverty and concluded that poverty levels are much higher than those presented through the NSSO ... Read more