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Points to Remember: CGNY’s core objective: To empower livestock owners and improve rural livelihoods through procurement of cow dung. Mechanism: Direct procurement of cow dung from farmers at a fixed price. Benefits: Increased income for farmers, improved sanitation, and promotion of organic farming. Challenges: Logistical hurdles, scalability, and potential for corruption. Introduction: Chhattisgarh Godhan Nyay … Read more

Points to Remember: Objective: To provide financial assistance to small and marginal farmers. Beneficiaries: Small and marginal farmers cultivating up to 2 hectares of land. Mechanism: Direct benefit transfer (DBT) of income support. Implementation: State-level implementation with central government funding. Impact: Increased income for farmers, improved agricultural practices, and potential for economic growth. However, challenges … Read more

Points to Remember: The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 (SC/ST Act) aims to prevent atrocities against Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs). The Act defines specific offenses as “atrocities,” carrying stringent punishments. Understanding these offenses is crucial for effective implementation and prevention of such crimes. Introduction: The Scheduled Castes … Read more

Points to Remember: Gender disparity in education in India. Literacy rates as a key indicator. Educational attainment at different levels (primary, secondary, higher). Socioeconomic factors influencing the gap. Government initiatives to bridge the gap. Introduction: India has made significant strides in improving its literacy rates, yet a considerable gender gap persists in educational attainment. While … Read more

Points to Remember: Definition and concept of an Academic Credit Bank (ACB). Advantages of an ACB for students, institutions, and the national education system. Potential challenges and limitations of implementing an ACB. Policy recommendations for successful ACB implementation. Introduction: The Academic Credit Bank (ACB) is a centralized system designed to store, manage, and transfer academic … Read more

Points to Remember: Key differences lie in legal protection, benefits, working conditions, and job security. Formal employment offers greater stability and social security but may lack flexibility. Informal employment offers flexibility but lacks security and benefits. The distinction is crucial for economic policy and social welfare programs. Introduction: The global workforce is broadly categorized into … Read more

Points to Remember: Goal: To achieve foundational literacy and numeracy in children by Grade 3. Target Group: Children in Classes 1-3. Approach: Holistic, focusing on teacher training, curriculum development, and assessment. Implementation: Decentralized, with states and districts playing a crucial role. Monitoring: Regular assessments and progress tracking. Introduction: The National Initiative for Proficiency in Reading … Read more

Points to Remember: Different methods exist for measuring unemployment. Each method has strengths and weaknesses. Official unemployment rates often underrepresent the true extent of joblessness. Understanding the limitations of unemployment measures is crucial for effective policymaking. Introduction: Unemployment, the state of being without a job while actively seeking employment, is a significant economic and social … Read more

Points to Remember: World Health Day (WHD) is celebrated annually on April 7th. The theme is chosen to highlight a specific health priority. The WHO uses the WHD to raise awareness and advocate for global health improvements. Introduction: World Health Day 2022, celebrated on April 7th, focused on the theme of “Our Planet, Our Health.” … Read more

Points to Remember: UNESCO’s primary goal is to contribute to peace and security by promoting international collaboration through education, science, culture, and communication. It operates through normative instruments (recommendations, conventions), operational programs (projects, capacity building), and a vast network of partners. UNESCO’s work is multifaceted and spans a wide range of global challenges. Introduction: The … Read more