CGPSC MAINS 2019 Paper-6

Points to Remember: Purushartha’s four goals (Dharma, Artha, Kama, Moksha) and their interconnectedness. Purushartha’s impact on social stratification and roles. The evolving interpretation of Purushartha across different eras and social groups. The relevance of Purushartha in contemporary society. Criticisms and limitations of the Purushartha framework. Introduction: Purushartha, a central concept in Hindu philosophy, refers to … Read more

Points to Remember: Anomie is a state of normlessness or social instability. It arises from a breakdown of social norms and values. It can lead to increased crime, deviance, and social unrest. Different sociological perspectives offer varying explanations and solutions. Introduction: Anomie, a term coined by French sociologist Émile Durkheim, describes a social condition characterized … Read more

Points to Remember: The Ontological Argument’s core: God’s existence is demonstrable through reason alone, based on the very concept of God. Key figures: Anselm of Canterbury (original formulation), Gaunilo (critique), Descartes (refined version). Criticisms: The argument’s reliance on a priori reasoning and its susceptibility to various logical challenges. The argument’s impact: Its historical significance in … Read more

Points to Remember: Definition of Karma Yoga Key characteristics of Karma Yoga Practical application and benefits Distinction from other yogic paths Introduction: Karma Yoga, one of the four main paths of Yoga in Hindu philosophy, emphasizes selfless action as a means of spiritual growth. Unlike Bhakti Yoga (path of devotion), Jnana Yoga (path of knowledge), … Read more

Points to Remember: Geographical location of Tapkara village. Unique features or characteristics making it famous. Historical significance, if any. Economic activities contributing to its fame. Cultural aspects contributing to its fame. Introduction: Tapkara is a village located in the Jashpur district of Chhattisgarh, India. While precise details about its fame are scarce in readily available … Read more

Points to Remember: Gandhi’s concept of non-violence (Satyagraha) is not mere passivity. It involves active resistance and self-suffering. It is rooted in truth and love. It aims at converting the opponent, not defeating them. It has limitations and challenges in practical application. Introduction: Mahatma Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violence, or Satyagraha (truth force), was central to … Read more

Points to Remember: Empiricism: Knowledge originates from sensory experience. Representative Realism: We perceive ideas, not objects directly. Primary and Secondary Qualities: Distinction between objective and subjective properties. Limitations: Issues with explaining innate ideas and abstract concepts. Introduction: John Locke (1632-1704), a prominent figure in the Enlightenment, profoundly impacted epistemology (the study of knowledge) with his … Read more

Points to Remember: Leibniz’s concept of pre-established harmony. Distinction from interactionism and occasionalism. Implications for free will and determinism. Criticisms and limitations of the theory. Relevance in contemporary philosophy. Introduction: The theory of “pre-established harmony” is a metaphysical concept primarily associated with the 17th-century German philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. It offers a solution to the … Read more

Points to Remember: Padma Shri, Padma Bhushan, and Padma Vibhushan are India’s highest civilian awards. Chhattisgarh is a state in central India known for its rich folk art traditions. The question requires identifying a specific folk artist from Chhattisgarh who has received all three Padma awards. Introduction: The Padma awards are prestigious civilian awards of … Read more

Points to Remember: Sihawa’s historical and cultural significance. Sihawa’s geographical location and its impact. Sihawa’s role in regional politics and economy. Sihawa’s contemporary relevance and future prospects. Introduction: The term “Sihawa” lacks widespread global recognition, suggesting it might refer to a specific location, event, or concept with localized significance. Without further context (e.g., specifying a … Read more