CGPSC MAINS 2022 Paper-4

Points to Remember: Popular operating systems, their usage, and target platforms. Introduction: An operating system (OS) is the fundamental software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs. It acts as an intermediary between the user and the computer hardware, allowing users to interact with the system and run … Read more

Points to Remember: Different forms of communication enabled by technology. Characteristics of each type. Advantages and disadvantages of each. Impact on society and individuals. Introduction: Technological advancements have revolutionized communication, expanding its reach, speed, and accessibility beyond geographical limitations. Communication in technology encompasses a broad spectrum of methods and mediums, each with its own strengths … Read more

Points to Remember: Definition of transpiration. Processes involved in transpiration. Importance of transpiration for plants and the environment. Factors affecting transpiration rate. Introduction: Transpiration is the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released to the atmosphere. … Read more

Points to Remember: Consecutive odd numbers have a constant difference of 2. The average of a series of consecutive numbers is the middle number (or the average of the two middle numbers if there’s an even number of terms). Arithmetic progression concepts are relevant. Introduction: This question requires a factual and analytical approach to determine … Read more

Points to Remember: The series involves a pattern of increasing numbers. The pattern needs to be identified to find the missing number. The solution requires a mathematical approach. Introduction: This question requires identifying a numerical pattern within a given sequence: 3, 7, 15, 31, ?, 127, 255. The approach is purely factual and analytical, focusing … Read more

Points to Remember: Dry corrosion is a chemical reaction. It occurs in the absence of an electrolyte. It’s influenced by temperature, humidity, and the nature of the metal. Prevention involves material selection, coatings, and environmental control. Introduction: Corrosion is the deterioration of a material, usually a metal, due to a reaction with its environment. While … Read more

Points to Remember: kWh is a unit of energy. It represents the energy consumed by a 1 kW appliance running for one hour. It’s a widely used unit for measuring electricity consumption. Introduction: The kilowatt-hour (kWh) is the standard unit of energy used by electricity suppliers to bill consumers. It’s a measure of electrical energy … Read more

Points to Remember: Concave mirrors reflect light inwards towards a focal point. The applications depend on the mirror’s focal length and the object’s position relative to the focal point. Real and inverted images are formed, except when the object is placed very close to the mirror. Introduction: A concave mirror, also known as a converging … Read more

Points to Remember: Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction. It involves the development of an embryo from an unfertilized egg. It occurs naturally in some species and can be induced artificially in others. It has implications for conservation and evolutionary biology. Introduction: Parthenogenesis, derived from the Greek words “parthenos” (virgin) and “genesis” (creation), refers … Read more

Points to Remember: The fundamental building blocks of DNA. The structure of DNA and its role in heredity. The significance of DNA in various fields. Introduction: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the fundamental building block of life, carrying the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known organisms and many viruses. It’s … Read more