Points to Remember:
- Scientific name and common names of Chhattisgarh’s state bird.
- Physical characteristics, habitat, and diet.
- Conservation status and threats.
- Cultural significance in Chhattisgarh.
- Role in the ecosystem.
Introduction:
Chhattisgarh, a state in central India, boasts a rich biodiversity. Its state bird, the Hill Myna ( Gracula religiosa, also known as the Gracula religiosa), is a striking example of this biodiversity. The Hill Myna was officially declared the state bird of Chhattisgarh in 2010, reflecting its significance to the state’s natural heritage and cultural identity. This bird is known for its distinctive appearance and melodious calls, making it a beloved symbol of the region.
Body:
1. Physical Characteristics and Habitat:
The Hill Myna is a medium-sized bird, approximately 25-30 cm in length. It is easily recognizable by its glossy black plumage, bright yellow beak, and patches of bare, bright yellow skin around the eyes. Males and females are visually similar. They inhabit a variety of habitats, including forests, woodlands, and cultivated areas, particularly those near water sources. They are adaptable and can thrive in both natural and human-modified landscapes.
2. Diet and Behavior:
Hill Myna’s are omnivorous, feeding on a wide range of insects, fruits, nectar, and occasionally small vertebrates. They are known for their intelligence and ability to mimic sounds, including human speech. They are often seen in pairs or small flocks, foraging actively in trees and on the ground.
3. Conservation Status and Threats:
While not currently classified as endangered, the Hill Myna faces several threats. Habitat loss due to deforestation and urbanization is a major concern. The illegal bird trade, driven by demand for their captivating songs and ability to mimic sounds, also poses a significant threat. Pollution and the use of pesticides can also negatively impact their populations.
4. Cultural Significance:
The Hill Myna holds a special place in the culture of Chhattisgarh. Its melodious calls are often associated with auspicious occasions, and its image is sometimes used in local art and crafts. The selection of the Hill Myna as the state bird highlights its cultural importance and the state’s commitment to preserving its natural heritage.
5. Ecological Role:
As omnivores, Hill Myna’s play a vital role in seed dispersal and insect control within their ecosystems. Their presence indicates a relatively healthy and diverse environment. Their decline could have cascading effects on the broader ecosystem.
Conclusion:
The Hill Myna, the state bird of Chhattisgarh, is a beautiful and ecologically important species. Its selection as the state bird underscores the state’s commitment to biodiversity conservation. However, ongoing threats like habitat loss and illegal trade necessitate proactive conservation measures. These measures should include stricter enforcement of wildlife laws, habitat restoration projects, and public awareness campaigns to educate people about the importance of protecting this iconic bird. By preserving the Hill Myna, Chhattisgarh can safeguard a vital part of its natural heritage and contribute to the broader goal of ecological sustainability and biodiversity conservation, reflecting the constitutional values of environmental protection and the right to a healthy environment for all citizens.