CGPSC MAINS 2014 Paper-7

Points to Remember: Caste is a social hierarchy based on birth, often associated with hereditary occupation and social restrictions. Varna is a fourfold social classification found in ancient Hindu scriptures, representing idealized social roles. While historically intertwined, caste and varna are distinct concepts with different origins and implications. The caste system has evolved over time, … Read more

Points to Remember: Community is a group of people sharing common characteristics. Communities can be defined geographically, by shared interests, or by social identity. Strong communities foster social cohesion and support. Challenges exist in maintaining and strengthening communities. Introduction: The concept of “community” is multifaceted and lacks a single, universally accepted definition. It transcends simple … Read more

Points to Remember: Status refers to a person’s position within a social hierarchy, often determined by factors like wealth, power, or prestige. Role refers to a set of expected behaviors and responsibilities associated with a particular position or status. Status and role are interconnected but distinct concepts. A person’s status influences the roles they are … Read more

Points to Remember: Astika and Nastika are two broad classifications of philosophical schools within Hinduism. The classification is based on their acceptance or rejection of the Vedic authority. Astika schools accept the Vedas as authoritative, while Nastika schools reject them. Both categories encompass diverse and sometimes conflicting viewpoints. Introduction: The terms “Astika” (आस्तिक) and “Nastika” … Read more

Points to Remember: Distinction between faith-based belief and reason-based inquiry. Differing approaches to understanding the world and human existence. Contrasting roles in shaping individual and societal values. Introduction: Religion and philosophy, while both grappling with fundamental questions about existence, meaning, and morality, differ significantly in their methodologies and aims. Religion typically involves a belief in … Read more

Points to Remember: Yoga’s multifaceted nature encompassing physical, mental, and spiritual aspects. Its ancient origins and evolution across different schools of thought. The diverse range of styles and practices within Yoga. The growing scientific evidence supporting Yoga’s health benefits. The importance of qualified instruction for safe and effective practice. Introduction: Yoga, derived from the Sanskrit … Read more

Points to Remember: The Yamas are ethical restraints or moral observances in Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras. They form the first limb of Patanjali’s eight-limbed path to Yoga. Each Yama represents a principle for ethical and moral conduct. Practicing the Yamas cultivates inner peace and harmonious relationships. Introduction: Yoga, far from being merely physical postures (asanas), is … Read more