CGPSC MAINS 2020 Paper-3

Points to Remember: The Vice President is elected indirectly by an electoral college. The process involves a joint sitting of both houses of Parliament. The election is held according to the provisions of the Constitution. The winning candidate needs an absolute majority to win. Introduction: The Vice President of India is the second-highest office in … Read more

Points to Remember: Sardeshmukhi and Chauth were significant revenue extraction systems prevalent in the Maratha Empire. They represented a form of taxation, but also a system of political control and military power projection. Both systems had significant economic and social consequences for the regions under Maratha rule. Introduction: The Maratha Empire, a powerful force in … Read more

Points to Remember: Key figures: Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, the farmers of Bardoli Core issue: Excessive land revenue imposed by the British Methods: Non-violent civil disobedience, collective resistance Outcome: Partial success, highlighting the power of non-violent resistance Significance: Strengthened the Indian National Congress and Patel’s leadership Introduction: The Bardoli Satyagraha (1928) was a significant milestone in … Read more

Points to Remember: The Indus Civilization lacked monumental architecture like the Egyptians or Mesopotamians. Art was primarily smaller, utilitarian, or decorative. The materials used were primarily terracotta, stone, and shell. A significant portion of our knowledge comes from archaeological excavations, and interpretations remain open to debate. Introduction: The Indus Valley Civilization (IVC), flourishing from approximately … Read more

Points to Remember: Key aspects of Meera Bai’s life and devotion. Key aspects of Raskhan’s life and devotion. Comparison of their devotional styles and impact. Introduction: This response will provide brief notes on Meera Bai and Raskhan, two prominent figures in the Bhakti movement of medieval India. The Bhakti movement emphasized devotion to a personal … Read more

Points to Remember: Location and historical period of construction. Architectural style and significance. Deities worshipped and religious importance. State of preservation and conservation efforts. Tourist significance and its contribution to the local economy. Introduction: The Kandariya Mahadev Temple, located in Khajuraho, Madhya Pradesh, India, is a masterpiece of Nagara-style temple architecture, built during the Chandella … Read more

Points to Remember: Identify the nine prominent courtiers considered Akbar’s “Navaratnas” (nine gems). Briefly describe their contributions to Akbar’s court and the Mughal empire. Highlight their diverse backgrounds and areas of expertise. Introduction: The Mughal Emperor Akbar (reigned 1556-1605) is renowned not only for his military conquests and administrative reforms but also for his patronage … Read more

Points to Remember: Sufism’s core: Direct experience of God, love, and devotion. Diverse schools and practices: No single, unified theory. Emphasis on inner transformation: Purification of the soul, ethical conduct. Mystical paths: Meditation, remembrance (dhikr), poetry (ghazal). Social impact: Promoting tolerance, compassion, and social justice. Introduction: Sufism, the mystical branch of Islam, doesn’t present a … Read more

Points to Remember: Economic Exploitation: British economic policies led to impoverishment and resentment. Political Subjugation: Lack of political rights and representation fueled nationalist sentiment. Cultural Suppression: Attempts to undermine Indian culture and traditions sparked resistance. Unifying Factors: Shared grievances and a sense of collective Indian identity fostered unity. Leadership: The role of prominent leaders in … Read more

Points to Remember: Founder: Identify the key individual who established the Prarthana Samaj. Objectives: Detail the primary aims and goals of the movement. Context: Understand the socio-religious backdrop of 19th-century India in which the Prarthana Samaj emerged. Impact: Assess the lasting influence of the Prarthana Samaj on Indian society and reform movements. Introduction: The Prarthana … Read more