History

Persian language became widespread in the Mughal Empire by the timeof Akbar’s reign. Abul Fazl was a great scholar and historian of his period.He set a style of prose writing and it wasfollowed by many generations. Many historical works were written during this period. They include Ain-i-Akbari and Akabar Nama authored by Abul Fazl. The … Read more

Vikramashila was one of the two most important centres of learning in India during the Pala Empire, along with Nalanda. Vikramashila was established by King Dharmapala (783 to 820) in response to a supposed decline in the quality of scholarship at Nalanda. Atisha, the renowned pandita, is sometimes listed as a notable abbot. It was … Read more

The Permanent Settlement or Zamindari Sysem was introduced by Lord Corniwallis in 1793. In Bengal, North Cauvery Delta in Madras Presidency and Varanasi division. It covered altogether 19% of the total cultivable land under company rule. Terms and Conditions of the System Zamindars were recognized as owner of the lands. Zamindars were given the rights to … Read more

Naoroji was a prominent figure and play a significant role in Indian national movement. He was the first Asian to be member of British Parliament.  His work find mention across all fields i.e. social, political, economic etc . For his contribution he is regarded as the Grand Old man of India. In 1866 he founded … Read more

painting was immensely influenced by Islamic culture. Humayun had spent more than twelve years in Persia as a refugee. He brought painters with him to India when he became the ruler of Delhi once again in 1555. Famous among them were Mir Sayid Ali and Abdus Samad who nurtured the tradition of painting manuscript. An … Read more

Most of the invaders came from the north-western region, for them Panipat enroute to Delhi and positioned as a suitable battle field. Panipat is a plain, less sloped area and had less population. This geographical feature gave an advantage to the rulers to use tactical weapons and to employ sound war strategy. The area is … Read more

a) Chaitya: a Buddhist shrine or prayer hall with a Stupa at one end. In modern texts on Indian architecture, the term chaityagriha is often used to denote an assembly or prayer hall that houses a Stupa. Ex: Karle caves b) Vihar: The Viharas or monasteries were excavated near the chaityas for the residence of … Read more

a) Ijara:  the Ijarahsystem or revenue farming was introduced to boost up the state’s revenue in Bengal in the reign of Jahandar Shah (1712–13), who was supported by nobel Zulfiqar Khan.Under this system, when peasant did not have resources available for cultivation or due to some calamity cultivation could not be done, the lands were farmed … Read more

Nasik conspiracy case:   On 21st of December, 1909 , A M T (Arthur Mason Tippets) Jackson the magistrate at Nasik was enjoying a theatre where a drama was staged in his honour on the evening of his transfer. A young man of Abhinav Bharat Society named Ananat Laxman Kanhere shot this indologist and “pandit” … Read more

Features are as follows: Synthesis of Dravidian architecture with Islamic style. Carved pillars with horse as the common motif. Kalyan mandapas or open pavilions and long multi pillared halls. Exceptionally large gopurams. Fortification of temples with more specious enclosure. Chariots streets paved with stone slabs and lined with pillared pavilions. Large tanks and canals for … Read more