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Points to Remember: This question requires a factual response. The keywords are “Verrier Elwin,” “books,” “Tribes of Middle India,” and “major.” The approach is purely factual, focusing on identifying specific book titles. Introduction: Verrier Elwin (1902-1964) was a prominent British anthropologist and administrator who dedicated his life to studying and advocating for the tribal communities … Read more

Points to Remember: Customary law is unwritten law based on long-standing traditions and practices. It varies significantly across cultures and communities. Its recognition and enforcement depend on the legal system of a particular jurisdiction. It often interacts with and is influenced by formal legal systems. Challenges exist in codifying and enforcing customary law. Introduction: Customary … Read more

Points to Remember: Article 275 deals with the grants-in-aid to states for tribal areas. It mandates the provision of grants to states for the Scheduled Tribes’ welfare. The amount and allocation are determined by the President. The article aims to address the developmental disparities faced by tribal communities. It’s a crucial aspect of India’s constitutional … Read more

Points to Remember: Godna’s significance in preserving tribal identity and history. Its role in social status, marriage, and rites of passage. The artistic and cultural value of Godna. The challenges faced by Godna traditions in the modern era. Introduction: Godna, a traditional form of tattooing prevalent among various tribal communities in India (and other parts … Read more

Points to Remember: Social interaction Shared meaning and understanding Culture and norms Social structures and institutions Change and evolution Introduction: A social process refers to the dynamic interplay of individuals and groups within a society, shaping their behaviors, interactions, and overall societal structure. It’s not a static entity but a continuous flow of actions, reactions, … Read more

Points to Remember: Caste is a hereditary, hierarchical social system based on birth. Class is a social stratification based on economic factors like wealth, income, and occupation. Caste is primarily associated with South Asia, while class is a global phenomenon. Caste systems are often rigid and endogamous (marriage within the group), while class systems are … Read more

Points to Remember: Social groups are formed based on shared characteristics, goals, and interactions. Several factors influence group formation, including proximity, similarity, and shared goals. Different types of social groups exist, each with unique characteristics and dynamics. Understanding group formation is crucial for managing social interactions and promoting social harmony. Introduction: Social groups are fundamental … Read more

Points to Remember: Key characteristics of social institutions. Key characteristics of associations. Distinguishing features between institutions and associations. Examples of each. Introduction: A social institution is a complex and enduring pattern of social relationships that fulfills fundamental societal needs. These are not simply groups of people, but established systems of norms, values, and roles that … Read more

Points to Remember: Distinction between faith-based belief and reasoned inquiry. Focus on the nature of the divine and the human condition. Methods of inquiry and justification. Relationship between belief and practice. Introduction: Religion and Philosophy of Religion, while interconnected, represent distinct approaches to understanding the divine and humanity’s place in the cosmos. Religion, broadly defined, … Read more

Points to Remember: Six distinct schools of thought. Emphasis on understanding reality (Brahman) and liberation (moksha). Diverse approaches to epistemology (pramana) and metaphysics. Historical influence on Indian culture and thought. Introduction: Indian philosophy, a rich tapestry of thought spanning millennia, is broadly categorized into six distinct schools, often referred to as the shad-darshanas. These schools, … Read more