CGPSC MAINS 2012 Paper-3

Points to Remember: Key differences lie in monastic practices, philosophical interpretations, and the acceptance of certain scriptures. Both sects share core Jain tenets like Ahimsa (non-violence), Anekantavada (multifaceted truth), and the pursuit of liberation (moksha). Introduction: Jainism, an ancient Indian religion, is broadly divided into two major sects: Digambaras and Svetambaras. While both adhere to … Read more

Points to Remember: Public administration’s role in nation-building. Its impact on economic development and social justice. Challenges faced by public administration in developing societies. Strategies for improving public administration effectiveness. Introduction: Public administration, the implementation of government policy and programs, plays a crucial role in the development trajectory of any society. In developing societies, characterized … Read more

Points to Remember: The Rajya Sabha’s role as a House of Elders and its composition. Its powers and limitations compared to the Lok Sabha. Its role in representing states and safeguarding regional interests. Criticisms regarding its effectiveness and potential for obstruction. Suggestions for improving its functionality and relevance. Introduction: The Rajya Sabha, or Council of … Read more

Points to Remember: Significance of Bardoli Satyagraha in Indian Independence Movement Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel’s leadership Impact on the peasant movement Techniques employed and their effectiveness Long-term consequences Introduction: The Bardoli Satyagraha, launched in 1928, stands as a pivotal moment in India’s struggle for independence. It was a landmark peasant movement led by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel … Read more

Points to Remember: Archaeological evidence Literary evidence Geographical proximity and strategic importance Absence of contradictory evidence Introduction: The Mauryan Empire (c. 322 – 185 BCE), under the leadership of Chandragupta Maurya and subsequently Ashoka, was one of the largest empires in ancient India. Determining the precise extent of its geographical reach remains a subject of … Read more

Points to Remember: The Raipur Conspiracy Case was a significant event during the Quit India Movement. It involved the arrest and trial of numerous Congress leaders and activists in Chhattisgarh. The case highlights the repressive measures employed by the British during the movement. It showcases the widespread nature of the rebellion and the determination of … Read more

Points to Remember: Sovereignty, Socialism, Secularism, Democracy, Republic, Justice, Liberty, Equality, Fraternity. Fundamental Rights and Duties. Directive Principles of State Policy. Federal Structure with Unitary Features. Independent Judiciary. Amendment Process. Introduction: The Indian Constitution, adopted on 26th January 1950, is the supreme law of India. It is the longest written constitution in the world, reflecting … Read more

Points to Remember: Ashoka’s edicts provide insights into the administrative structure of his empire. The Mahamatras were high-ranking officials responsible for various administrative functions. Different types of Mahamatras oversaw specific areas of governance. Introduction: The edicts of Emperor Ashoka, inscribed on rocks and pillars across his vast empire (roughly the Indian subcontinent), offer invaluable insights … Read more

Points to Remember: The Ring Fence policy’s geographical limitations. Its impact on the Indian economy. The policy’s role in shaping British colonial administration. The contrasting perspectives on its effectiveness. Introduction: The “Ring Fence” policy, implemented by the British in India during the colonial period, refers to a set of economic and administrative measures designed to … Read more

Points to Remember: The Partition of Bengal’s impact on Indian politics and nationalism. Its role in shaping the Muslim League’s political strategy. The long-term consequences for the region’s demographics and socio-political landscape. The Partition’s contribution to the eventual partition of India in 1947. Introduction: The Partition of Bengal, implemented by the British in 1905, remains … Read more