CGPSC MAINS 2013 Paper-3

Points to Remember: The Lakha-Banta system is a traditional form of informal credit and social security in rural India. It operates outside the formal banking system. It has both advantages and disadvantages. Its sustainability is challenged by modern financial institutions and changing social dynamics. Introduction: The “Lakha-Banta” system is an indigenous, informal credit and social … Read more

Points to Remember: The historicity of Sharabhraj is debated. Evidence for Sharabhraj is primarily found in religious texts and lacks independent corroboration. Archaeological evidence is scarce or absent. Different interpretations exist regarding the nature of Sharabhraj – mythical, symbolic, or historical. Introduction: Sharabhraj, a creature described in certain Hindu scriptures, particularly those related to Jainism, … Read more

Points to Remember: Formation and Goals: The Ghadar Party’s founding, aims, and ideology. Membership and Structure: The diverse composition and organizational structure of the party. Activities and Impact: Key actions undertaken by the party and their consequences. Legacy and Significance: The lasting impact of the Ghadar Party on Indian nationalism and diaspora politics. Introduction: The … Read more

Points to Remember: Bakht Khan’s military leadership and strategic acumen. His role in the siege of Delhi. His influence on the rebellion’s organization and direction. The controversies surrounding his actions and legacy. The ultimate failure of the rebellion despite his contributions. Introduction: The Indian Rebellion of 1857, also known as the Sepoy Mutiny, was a … Read more

Points to Remember: Salt Satyagraha Civil Disobedience Indian Independence Movement British Salt Monopoly Swaraj Introduction: The Dandi March, also known as the Salt Satyagraha, was a pivotal moment in India’s struggle for independence from British rule. Undertaken in 1930 by Mahatma Gandhi and thousands of his followers, it was a 24-day, 240-mile march from Sabarmati … Read more

Points to Remember: The Arya Samaj was a socio-religious reform movement. Its objectives were multifaceted, addressing social, religious, and educational aspects of 19th-century India. We need to identify two main objectives, focusing on the most prominent and impactful goals of the movement. Introduction: The Arya Samaj, founded by Swami Dayananda Saraswati in 1875, was a … Read more

Points to Remember: Economic exploitation of India Political control and consolidation Facilitating trade and resource extraction Strategic military advantage Introduction: The East India Company’s (EIC) development of railways in India was not a philanthropic endeavor. While the stated aims often focused on improving trade and administration, the underlying objective was fundamentally intertwined with the Company’s … Read more

Points to Remember: The Vijayanagara Empire had a succession of ruling dynasties, each with its own period of dominance. Understanding the chronological order and key characteristics of these dynasties is crucial to understanding the empire’s history. Introduction: The Vijayanagara Empire, one of the most powerful and influential empires in South India, flourished from the 14th … Read more

Points to Remember: Origin and historical development of Sufism. Core beliefs and practices. Different Sufi orders and their variations. Sufism’s impact on society and culture. Contemporary relevance and challenges. Introduction: Sufism, often described as the mystical dimension of Islam, represents a diverse range of spiritual traditions and practices aimed at achieving a direct, personal experience … Read more

Points to Remember: The Indus Civilization was a Bronze Age civilization that flourished in the Indus River valley. It possessed sophisticated urban planning and a well-developed trade network. Identifying its seaports helps understand its maritime capabilities and global connections. Introduction: The Indus Civilization, also known as the Harappan Civilization, thrived from approximately 3300 to 1300 … Read more