CGPSC MAINS 2014 Paper-4

Points to Remember: Pistil: The female reproductive part. Stigma: Receives pollen. Style: Connects stigma to ovary. Ovary: Contains ovules. Ovules: Develop into seeds after fertilization. Introduction: The flower is the reproductive organ of angiosperms (flowering plants). Within the flower lies the female reproductive structure, known as the pistil (or gynoecium). Understanding its structure is crucial … Read more

Points to Remember: The question requires a factual answer listing four greenhouse gases. No analysis or opinion is needed. Introduction: Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are gases in the Earth’s atmosphere that trap heat. They allow sunlight to pass through the atmosphere, but they prevent some of the heat from escaping back into space. This process, known … Read more

Points to Remember: RISAT stands for Radar Imaging Satellite. RISAT satellites are primarily used for Earth observation, particularly in applications requiring all-weather imaging capabilities. Various RISAT missions have different specifications and capabilities tailored to specific needs. Introduction: RISAT is the acronym for Radar Imaging Satellite. India’s space program, spearheaded by the Indian Space Research Organisation … Read more

Points to Remember: Definition and mechanism of action of biofertilizers. Types of biofertilizers and their respective applications. Advantages and disadvantages of using biofertilizers. Examples of biofertilizers. Introduction: Biofertilizers are substances containing living microorganisms that, when applied to seeds, plant surfaces, or soil, colonize the rhizosphere or the interior of the plant and promote growth by … Read more

Points to Remember: Geostationary orbit (GEO) characteristics Orbital altitude and speed requirements Relationship between orbital period and Earth’s rotation Introduction: A geostationary orbit (GEO) is a special type of geosynchronous orbit where a satellite appears stationary relative to a point on the Earth’s surface. This is achieved by matching the satellite’s orbital period to the … Read more

Points to Remember: Definition and prevalence of diabetes. Different types of diabetes (Type 1, Type 2, Gestational, etc.). Symptoms and complications of diabetes. Risk factors and prevention strategies. Introduction: Diabetes mellitus, commonly known as diabetes, is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood. This hyperglycemia occurs when the … Read more

Points to Remember: Definition of specific resistance (resistivity). Relationship between resistance, resistivity, length, and cross-sectional area. SI unit of resistivity. Importance of resistivity in material selection. Introduction: Specific resistance, more commonly known as resistivity, is a fundamental property of a material that quantifies how strongly it opposes the flow of electric current. It’s a measure … Read more

Points to Remember: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Carbon dioxide is a crucial reactant in photosynthesis. Experimental evidence is needed to prove the necessity of carbon dioxide. Introduction: Photosynthesis, the cornerstone of most ecosystems, is the process by … Read more

Points to Remember: Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction. It involves the development of an embryo from an unfertilized egg. It occurs in various plant and animal species. There are different types of parthenogenesis. It has evolutionary implications. Introduction: Parthenogenesis, derived from the Greek words “parthenos” (virgin) and “genesis” (creation), is a unique reproductive … Read more

Points to Remember: Definition and purpose of smelting and roasting. Differences between smelting and roasting. Types of smelting and roasting processes. Applications in various industries. Environmental considerations. Introduction: Smelting and roasting are crucial metallurgical processes used to extract metals from their ores. These processes involve heating the ore at high temperatures, often Subscribe on YouTube … Read more