CGPSC MAINS 2015 Paper-4

Points to Remember: The question asks for the names of four high-level programming languages. No analysis or opinion is required; the answer is purely factual. Introduction: High-level programming languages are designed to be more human-readable and easier to use than low-level languages like assembly language. They abstract away many of the complexities of computer hardware, … Read more

Points to Remember: Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) India’s first interplanetary mission Primarily a technology demonstrator Scientific objectives included studying Martian surface features and atmosphere Cost-effective and successful mission Introduction: The Mangalyaan mission, officially known as the Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), represents a significant milestone in India’s space exploration program. Launched on November 5, 2013, by … Read more

Points to Remember: The question requires the full forms of four acronyms commonly used in technology. The approach is purely factual. Introduction: This question asks for the full forms of four common acronyms: USB, HTTP, PDF, and DPI. These acronyms are frequently encountered in the context of computing and digital technology. Providing their full forms … Read more

Points to Remember: Environmental impact Soil health Plant health Cost-effectiveness Human health Introduction: The global food system relies heavily on fertilizers to boost crop yields. However, a significant debate surrounds the use of chemical versus organic fertilizers. Chemical fertilizers, while providing rapid nutrient uptake, have raised concerns about environmental degradation and human health. Organic fertilizers, … Read more

Points to Remember: Chromosomes are thread-like structures within cells that carry genetic information. Genes are segments of DNA located on chromosomes. The chromosome theory of heredity explains how traits are passed from parents to offspring through chromosomes. Meiosis and fertilization play crucial roles in the transmission of genetic material. Introduction: The chromosome theory of heredity … Read more

Points to Remember: Definition of CO₂ compensation point. Factors affecting the CO₂ compensation point. Significance of the CO₂ compensation point in plant physiology and ecology. Differences between CO₂ compensation point and CO₂ saturation point. Introduction: Photosynthesis, the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and … Read more

Points to Remember: Location of the thyroid gland. Hormones secreted by the thyroid gland (primarily focusing on thyroid hormones). The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid (HPT) axis and its role in hormone control. Introduction: The thyroid gland is a vital endocrine gland responsible for producing hormones that regulate numerous metabolic processes within the human body. Its proper functioning is … Read more

Points to Remember: Convex mirrors provide a wider field of view than plane mirrors. Convex mirrors always produce virtual, upright, and diminished images. Introduction: A convex mirror, also known as a diverging mirror, is a spherical mirror whose reflecting surface bulges outwards. Unlike concave mirrors which can produce real and inverted images, convex mirrors Subscribe … Read more

Points to Remember: Definition of uremia Causes of uremia Symptoms of uremia Treatment of uremia Prognosis of uremia Introduction: Uremia, also known as azotemia, is a build-up of waste products in the blood, primarily urea and creatinine, due to impaired kidney function. These waste products are normally filtered and excreted by the kidneys. When the … Read more

Points to Remember: Definition of electrical potential. Distinction between electrical potential and electrical potential energy. Scalar nature of electrical potential. Relationship to electric field. Introduction: Electrical potential, also Subscribe on YouTube known as electric potential or voltage, is a fundamental concept in electromagnetism. It describes the potential energy per unit charge at a specific point … Read more