CGPSC MAINS 2020 Paper-3

Points to Remember: Sher Shah Suri’s land revenue system was a significant administrative reform. It was based on accurate land measurement and assessment. It aimed for efficient revenue collection and equitable distribution of tax burden. The system influenced subsequent Mughal land revenue policies. Introduction: Sher Shah Suri’s reign (1540-1545), though brief, left an indelible mark … Read more

Points to Remember: Economic self-reliance National unity and awakening Promotion of indigenous industries Boycott of foreign goods Rise of Indian nationalism Introduction: The Swadeshi Movement, a significant chapter in India’s struggle for independence, was a powerful expression of Indian nationalism during the early 20th century. Triggered by the partition of Bengal in 1905 by the … Read more

Points to Remember: The Governor’s role as a constitutional head. The Governor’s executive, legislative, and discretionary powers. The limitations on the Governor’s powers. The Governor’s relationship with the state government. Introduction: The Governor is the constitutional head of a state in India. Appointed by the President of India, the Governor holds a position of significant … Read more

Points to Remember: The McKinsey 7S Model is a framework for analyzing and improving organizational effectiveness. It emphasizes the interconnectedness of seven key elements: Strategy, Structure, Systems, Shared Values, Skills, Style, and Staff. Alignment between these elements is crucial for organizational success. Introduction: The McKinsey 7S Model, developed by McKinsey & Company consultants Tom Peters … Read more

Points to Remember: Division of Powers: Clear separation of powers between federal and state/provincial governments. Supremacy Clause: A mechanism to resolve conflicts between federal and state/provincial laws. Independent Judiciary: A strong, independent judicial system to interpret the constitution and resolve disputes. Representation: Mechanisms for representation of diverse interests at both federal and state/provincial levels. Checks … Read more

Points to Remember: The phrase “Procedure established by Law” (PEL) is a crucial concept in constitutional law, particularly concerning fundamental rights. It guarantees due process and prevents arbitrary state action. The interpretation of PEL varies across jurisdictions and legal systems. It’s not merely about the existence of a law, but the fairness and reasonableness of … Read more

Points to Remember: Dyarchy was a system of dual government introduced by the Government of India Act, 1919. It involved the division of power between Indian and British officials. It applied only to certain provincial subjects (transferred subjects). It was a step towards greater Indian participation in governance but fell short of full self-rule. It … Read more

Points to Remember: Dominion status was a stage in the evolution of self-governing colonies within the British Empire. It granted significant autonomy but maintained a constitutional link to the British Crown. Dominions had their own parliaments and governments but remained part of the Commonwealth. The transition to dominion status was a gradual process, varying across … Read more

Points to Remember: Sardeshmukhi and Chauth were significant revenue extraction systems prevalent in the Maratha Empire. They represented a form of taxation, but also a system of political control and military power projection. Both systems had significant economic and social consequences for the regions under Maratha rule. Introduction: The Maratha Empire, a powerful force in … Read more

Points to Remember: Lack of unity amongst rebels. Superior military might of the British. Absence of a clear political goal and leadership. Introduction: The Indian Rebellion of 1857, often referred to as the Sepoy Mutiny or the First War of Independence, was a significant uprising against the British East India Company’s rule in India. While … Read more