CGPSC MAINS 2021 Paper-6

Points to Remember: Different philosophical and religious perspectives categorize evil differently. Evil can be understood as actions, intentions, or character traits. The consequences of evil actions are often devastating. Introduction: The concept of “evil” is complex and multifaceted, lacking a single universally accepted definition. Different cultures, religions, and philosophical schools have approached the understanding of … Read more

Points to Remember: Whistleblowers are individuals who report illegal or unethical activities within an organization or government. Their role is crucial in detecting and preventing corruption. Effective whistleblower protection mechanisms are essential for encouraging reporting. Challenges include retaliation against whistleblowers and the need for robust investigation processes. Introduction: Corruption, the abuse of entrusted power for … Read more

Points to Remember: Waveform Change (Lahardaar Parivartan) refers to significant, transformative societal shifts. Sociological analysis examines the causes, consequences, and patterns of such changes. Multiple theoretical perspectives (e.g., functionalism, conflict theory, symbolic interactionism) can be applied. Understanding the interplay between social structures, cultural values, and individual agency is crucial. Introduction: The term “Waveform Change” (Lahardaar … Read more

Points to Remember: Subscribe on YouTube Association: A voluntary group of individuals with shared interests. Institution: A formal organization with established structures, rules, and procedures. Key Differences: Focus on formality, structure, and goals. Introduction: Associations and institutions are both social constructs that bring people together, but they differ significantly in their structure, formality, and objectives. … Read more

Points to Remember: Samprajnata Samadhi: Involves awareness of the object of meditation. Asamprajnata Samadhi: Involves complete absorption, transcending awareness of the object. Both are stages of Samadhi: Represent progressive stages on the path to enlightenment in Yoga philosophy. Different levels of consciousness: Reflect different levels of concentration and detachment. Introduction: Samadhi, a crucial concept in … Read more

Points to Remember: Join Our Telegram Channel Epistemology concerns itself with the nature of knowledge and justified belief. Metaphysics explores fundamental questions about reality, existence, and being. While distinct, epistemology and metaphysics are interconnected; our understanding of reality influences how we acquire knowledge, and vice-versa. Introduction: Epistemology and metaphysics are two fundamental branches of philosophy … Read more

Points to Remember: The five great vows (Panch Mahavratas) of Jainism: Ahimsa (non-violence), Satya (truthfulness), Asteya (non-stealing), Brahmacharya (chastity), and Aparigraha (non-attachment). Ethical implications of each vow in individual and societal contexts. Relevance of Panch Mahavratas in contemporary society. Challenges in practicing the Mahavratas and potential solutions. Introduction: Jainism, an ancient Indian religion, emphasizes the … Read more

Points to Remember: Corruption is a multifaceted issue with various underlying causes. Focusing on systemic issues is crucial for effective anti-corruption strategies. Addressing corruption requires a multi-pronged approach involving individuals, institutions, and governments. Introduction: Corruption, the abuse of entrusted power for private gain, is a pervasive global problem undermining economic development, social justice, and democratic … Read more

Points to Remember: The eleven vows of Mahatma Gandhi are principles for self-improvement and social reform. They emphasize self-discipline, non-violence, and social justice. Introduction: Mahatma Gandhi’s eleven vows, also known as the Ashram Vows, were a set of personal and social commitments he adopted and encouraged others to follow within his ashrams. These vows weren’t … Read more

Points to Remember: Karya (कर्य) in Sanskrit translates to “action,” “work,” “effect,” or “result.” The meaning depends heavily on context. Understanding Karya requires exploring its philosophical and practical implications across various disciplines. The concept of Karya is central to several schools of Indian philosophy, particularly Nyaya and Samkhya. Introduction: The Sanskrit term “Karya” (कर्य) is … Read more