CGPSC MAINS 2021 Paper-7

Points to Remember: WHO’s mandate and responsibilities in global health emergencies. WHO’s actions during the COVID-19 pandemic (early response, information sharing, technical guidance, vaccine equity). Criticisms of WHO’s handling of the pandemic (response time, transparency, influence of member states). Lessons learned and recommendations for future pandemic preparedness. Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO), a specialized … Read more

Points to Remember: Quad’s formation and member countries. Quad’s objectives and principles. Quad’s role in addressing security challenges (e.g., maritime security, counter-terrorism). Quad’s impact on the balance of power. Challenges and limitations of the Quad. Introduction: The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, commonly known as the Quad, is a strategic forum comprising four countries: the United States, … Read more

Points to Remember: BRICS’s economic influence and potential. BRICS’s role in challenging the existing global order. BRICS’s internal challenges and limitations. BRICS’s impact on global governance and development. Introduction: BRICS, an acronym for Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, represents a significant geopolitical force in the 21st century. These five nations, representing a substantial … Read more

Points to Remember: Mithali Raj’s batting prowess and records. Her leadership and captaincy roles. Her impact on women’s cricket in India. Her off-field contributions and influence. Introduction: Mithali Raj is widely regarded as one of the greatest women’s cricketers of all time. Her career, spanning over two decades, has been marked by exceptional batting skills, … Read more

Points to Remember: Increased enrollment and attendance in schools. Improved nutritional status of children. Enhanced cognitive development and learning outcomes. Challenges and limitations of the scheme. Suggestions for improvement and future directions. Introduction: The Mid-Day Meal Scheme (MDMS), also known as the National Programme of Nutritional Support to Primary Education, is one of the world’s … Read more

Points to Remember: Skill India Mission National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) Apprenticeship programmes Sectoral skill councils Digital skill development initiatives Introduction: India’s demographic dividend, characterized by a large young population, presents a significant opportunity for economic growth. However, realizing this potential requires a skilled workforce capable of meeting the … Read more

Points to Remember: Oversight of the education system Curriculum development and implementation Teacher training and development Resource allocation and management Assessment and evaluation Policy formulation and implementation Introduction: The Ministry of Education (MoE) plays a crucial role in shaping a nation’s human capital. Its functions extend far beyond simply managing schools; it sets the overall … Read more

Points to Remember: Gender disparity in education in India. Literacy rates as a key indicator. Educational attainment at different levels (primary, secondary, higher). Socioeconomic factors influencing the gap. Government initiatives to bridge the gap. Introduction: India has made significant strides in improving its literacy rates, yet a considerable gender gap persists in educational attainment. While … Read more

Points to Remember: The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 (SC/ST Act) aims to prevent atrocities against Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs). The Act defines specific offenses as “atrocities,” carrying stringent punishments. Understanding these offenses is crucial for effective implementation and prevention of such crimes. Introduction: The Scheduled Castes … Read more

Points to Remember: Objective: To provide financial assistance to small and marginal farmers. Beneficiaries: Small and marginal farmers cultivating up to 2 hectares of land. Mechanism: Direct benefit transfer (DBT) of income support. Implementation: State-level implementation with central government funding. Impact: Increased income for farmers, improved agricultural practices, and potential for economic growth. However, challenges … Read more