Polity

Article 21 of the Constitution says that “No person shall be deprived of his life or personalliberty except according to procedure established by law.” It is the most precious andsacrosanct right. Having found it to be inadequate and unrealistic in view of the changing socio-economic needs and aspirations of the society, the Supreme Court resorted … Read more

Contempt of Court Contempt of court refers to any actions which defy a court’s authority, cast disrespect on a court, or impede the ability of the court to perform its function. It is divided as: Civil Contempt Under Section 2(b) of the Contempt of Courts Act of 1971, civil contempt has been defined as wilful … Read more

Indian constitution is based on the clear but delicate principle of limited separation of powers and responsibilities between different arms of Government, a precondition for smooth functioning of a government. But there are provisions and functioning where there are overlapping of functional areas. For example: Legislature- President is head but works on advice of CoM, … Read more

. If the President of India is satisfied that a situation has arisen due to which the financial stability or credit of India or any part of its territory is threatened. He/she can declare the Financial Emergency on the aid and advise of the Council of Ministers.Article 360 gives authority to the President of India … Read more

Basic structure doctrine was given in the Keshvanand Bharati case in 1973. According to it some basic elements of the constitution cannot be amended. Ambit of basic structure is not defined by any rule and regulation. It has been constantly evolving by judicial interpretation. Example of basic structure are secularism, supremacy of the constitution, separation … Read more

State public service commission are dealt by the same set of the articles i.e. from art 315 to 323. The SPSC is the highest recruiting agency in state. It is an independent constitution body. But the SPSC have not been able to do justice with them, the reason are as follows: Perceived corruption: Among the … Read more

Consolidated Fund of India This is the chief account of the Government of India. The inflow to this fund is by way of taxes like Income Tax, Central Excise, Customs and also non-tax revenues which arise to the government in connection with the conduct of its business. Loans raised by issue of treasury bills are … Read more

Over the years, a large number of initiatives have been undertaken by various State Governments and Central Ministries to usher in an era of e-governance. Sustained efforts have been made at multiple levels to improve the delivery of public services and simplify the process of accessing them. E-governance in India has steadily evolved from computerization … Read more

  Dual Control Commissionerate system Dual command structure over the district police means that control and direction over the police vests with the SP (head of district police) and the District Magistrate (executive). Unified command structure with the Commissioner of Police (rank of the Deputy Inspector General or above) as the sole head of the … Read more

Different types of Jurisdiction: Original jurisdiction Appellate Jurisdiction Writ Jurisdiction Advisory Jurisdiction   Original Jurisdiction: Cases which can be directly taken by the SC without going through lower courts which is a proper channel otherwise. These are called original jurisdiction because the cases are decided exclusively by the SC itself. Cases involving federal disputes come … Read more