Edge effect: Edge effects refer to the changes in population or community structures that occur at the boundary of two habitats.
Trophic cascade: A trophic cascade is an ecological phenomenon triggered by the addition or removal of top predators and involving reciprocal changes in the relative population of Predator and prey through a food chain which often results in drastic changes in ecosystem structure and nutrient cycling.
Dieback: Dieback refers to the progressive death of a plant, usually from the tip of any portion of the plant. It is a condition in which a tree or shrub begins to die from the tip of its leaves or roots backward, owing to disease or an unfavourable environment.
CGPCS Notes brings Prelims and Mains programs for CGPCS Prelims and CGPCS Mains Exam preparation. Various Programs initiated by CGPCS Notes are as follows:-