Management is a process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals, working together in groups, accomplish selected aims. In other words,”It is the accomplishment of Goals through others.”
Management has been used in different senses. Sometimes it refers to the process of planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating and controlling at other times it is used to describe it as a function of managing people. It is also referred to as a body of knowledge, a practice and discipline.
Different thoughts have been given for Management definition :-
HanriFayol :-“ Father of Modern Management”
He described management as process of functions or functional management.
F.W. Taylor :- “Father of Scientific Management”
According to him, Management is the art of knowing what you want to do and then seeing that it is done in the best and cheapest way.
Drucker :- Management is combination of Art and science.
Scope of Management
Various functional areas of management are:
- Production management
- Marketing management
- Financial management
- Personal management
Production Management:
Production means creation of utilities by converting raw material in to final product by various scientific methods and regulations. It is very important field of management. Various sub-areas of the production department are as follows.
Plant lay out and location: This area deals with designing of plant layout, decide about the plant location for various products and providing various plant utilities
Production planning: Managers has to plan about various production policies and production methods.
Material management: This area deals with purchase, storage, issue and control of the material required for production department.
Research and Development: This area deals with research and developmental activities of manufacturing department. Refinement in existing product line or develop a new product are the major activities.
Quality Control: Quality control department works for production of quality product by doing various tests which ensure the customer satisfaction.
Marketing Management:
Marketing management involves distribution of the product to the buyers. It may need number of steps. Sub areas are as follows
Advertising: This area deals with advertising of product, introducing new product in market by various means and encourage the customer to buy three products.
Sales management:
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