Part III Environment

Human role in pollution control, Environment and human health; Effects of pollutants on animals and plants; urbanisation and industrial development.

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Human role in pollution control The enhanced pace of developmental activities and rapid urbanization have resulted in stress on natural resources and quality of life. The trend of increasing pollution in various environmental media is evident from the deteriorating air and water quality, higher noise levels, increasing vehicular emission etc. Realising the urgent need for … Read more Human role in pollution control, Environment and human health; Effects of pollutants on animals and plants; urbanisation and industrial development.

Population explosion and Family Welfare Programme

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India was the first nation to launched a family planning programme in 1952. Though the birth rate started decreasing, it was accompanied by a sharp decrease in death rate, leading to an overall increase in population.The early concept of population policy covered both mortality and fertility and did not exclusively focus on fertility. There was … Read more Population explosion and Family Welfare Programme

Solid waste managment – Urban and Industrial solid waste management: reason, effect and control

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Solid Waste Management; Types of Solid waste Management; Factors affecting Solid Waste Generation Solid Waste Management Solid waste management is basic public services which every citizen should have access to, both for health and hygiene, and for ensuring a good quality of living. Sanitation here refers to toilet facilities, whereas solid waste management refers to … Read more Solid waste managment – Urban and Industrial solid waste management: reason, effect and control

lndia’s threatened,endangered and endemic species

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lndia’s threatened,endangered and endemic species India, a megadiverse country with only 2.4% of the world’s land area, accounts for 7-8% of all recorded species, including over 45,000 species of plants and 91,000 species of animals. The country’s diverse physical features and climatic conditions have resulted in a variety of ecosystems such as forests, wetlands, grasslands, … Read more lndia’s threatened,endangered and endemic species

Biodiversity: concept, hotspots, threats to biodiversity

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Biodiversity is defined as the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part; this includes diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems. Basically biodiversity is the total number of genes, species and ecosystems of a region. It includes … Read more Biodiversity: concept, hotspots, threats to biodiversity

Flood- CGPCS Mains

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Flood and Drought Occurrence Drought Drought is a complex, slow-onset phenomenon of ecological challenge that affects people more than any other natural hazards by causing serious economic, social and environmental losses in both developing and developed countries. The period of unusual dryness (i.e. drought) is a normal feature of the climate and weather system in … Read more Flood- CGPCS Mains

Disaster Management

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Disaster Management History shows that India is exposed to national disasters. Cyclones, floods, earthquakes, droughts and floods are major threats. About 60 percent of the landmass is prone to earthquakes of various intensities, over 40 million hectares is prone to floods and 68 percent of the area is susceptible to drought. This not only results … Read more Disaster Management

Biodiversity and its conservation, Hotspots and threats to Biodiversity.

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Biodiversity is defined as the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part; this includes diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems. Basically biodiversity is the total number of genes, species and ecosystems of a region. It includes … Read more Biodiversity and its conservation, Hotspots and threats to Biodiversity.

Topological and Nontopological conservation

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Topological & Non-Topological Conservation   Conservation – shape and structure of networks of interacting organisms in ecological systems In-Situ Conservation   Protect whole ecosystem at all levels to protect threatened species (save entire forest to save tiger) Hot Spots – High endemism & high species richness (in India – Western Ghats (Agasthyamalai hills, Silent valley, … Read more Topological and Nontopological conservation

Biodiversity-Definition, types, importance, hotspots, threats and conservation

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Biodiversity-Definition, types, importance, hotspots, threats and conservation The term biodiversity was coined as a contraction of biological diversity by E.O. Wilson in 1985. Biodiversity may be defined as the variety and variability of living organisms and the ecological complexes in which they exist. In other words, biodiversity is the occurrence of different types of ecosystems, … Read more Biodiversity-Definition, types, importance, hotspots, threats and conservation