CGPCS Prelims and Mains Notes, CGPCS Test Series
Financial Inclusion Financial inclusion or inclusive financing is the delivery of financial services at affordable costs to sections of disadvantaged and low-income segments of society, in contrast to financial exclusion where those services are not available or affordable. Government of India has launched an innovative scheme of Jan Dhan Yojna for Financial Inclusion to provide … Read more Financial Inclusion
Role of Commercial Banks A Commercial bank is a type of financial institution that provides services such as accepting deposits, making business loans, and offering basic investment products There is acute shortage of capital. People lack initiative and enterprise. Means of transport are undeveloped. Industry is depressed. The commercial banks help in overcoming these obstacles and promoting … Read more Role of Commercial Banks
Money Supply Money supply is the entire stock of currency and other liquid instruments in a country’s economy as of a particular time. The money supply can include cash, coins and balances held in checking and savings accounts. Money Supply can be estimated as narrow or broad money. There are four measures of money supply … Read more MONEY SUPPLY
Indian Public Finance Value Added Tax Under the constitution the States have the exclusive power to tax sales and purchases of goods other than newspapers There are however defects of sales tax It is regressive in nature. Families with low income a larger proportion of their income as sales tax. Has a cascading effect – … Read more INDIAN PUBLIC FINANCE
Monetary Policies Monetary policy is the process by which the monetary authority of a country controls the supply of money, often targeting an inflation rate or interest rate to ensure price stability and general trust in the currency. Objectives of Monetary Policies are:- Accelerated growth of the economy Balancing saving and investments Exchange rate stabilization Price … Read more MONETARY POLICIES
Public Finance Public finance is the study of the role of the government in the economy. It is the branch of economics which assesses the government revenue and government expenditure of the public authorities and the adjustment of one or the other to achieve desirable effects and avoid undesirable ones. It includes the study of … Read more PUBLIC FINANCE
Subsidies- Cash Transfer of Subsidy Issue. A subsidy is a benefit given by the government to groups or individuals usually in the form of a cash payment or tax reduction. The subsidy is usually given to remove some type of burden and is often considered to be in the interest of the public. Direct Cash … Read more -SUBSIDIES- CASH RANSFER OF SUBSIDY ISSUE
Tax Reforms in India Sience 1990 ie the liberalization of Indian economy saw the beginning of Taxation reforms in the nation. The taxation system in the nation has been subjected to consistent and comprehensive reform. Following factors arise the need for tax reforms in India:- Tax resources must be maximized for increased social sector investment in … Read more TAX REFORMS IN INDIA
Budgeting Budgeting is the process of estimating the availability of resources and then allocating them to various activities of an organization according to a pre-determined priority. In most cases, approval of a budget also means the approval to various spending units to utilize the allocated resources. Budgeting plays a criucial role in the socio-economic development … Read more BUDGETING
Dadabhai Naoroji: ‘Poverty in India’ (1876) He claimed that the drain of wealth and capital from the country which started after 1757 was responsible for absence of development in India. Drain was done through trade, industry and finance Two elements of the drain That arising from the remittances by European officials of their savings, … Read more Drain Theory